Laryngeal papillomatosis is a common disease. A few years ago, the only possible method of treating the problem was surgery, over time, conservative methods of dealing with the disease emerged.
cause
Papillomas in the throat appear due to the growth of connective tissue and epithelium. This formation is benign. However, this does not mean they should be ignored.
Externally, the tumor looks like a nest of red or pink hues. A single copy rarely appears. There are often various formations.
It occurs on the tongue, directly in the larynx, on the palate and vocal cords, on the arch of the tonsils, on the pharynx and trachea.
The greatest danger is a papilloma located in the esophagus, which interferes with the normal functioning of the airways. These are tumors on the bronchi and trachea. They lead to serious consequences and complications.
Papillomas appear in the esophagus if HPV is activated.
This happens under the following circumstances:
- the presence of infectious diseases such as scarlet fever, measles;
- reduced immunity;
- polluted atmosphere in residential areas;
- the presence of chronic diseases of the nose, throat and ears;
- vocal cord tension.
There is the concept of "juvenile papillomatosis". They suffer as a result of small children. Thus, various papillomas in the throat close the lumen in the larynx, which interferes with the normal respiratory process.
Adults with HPV in the trachea or bronchi can develop into malignant tumors, provided there is no treatment. However, even surgical intervention does not guarantee that the formation will not reappear.
Papilloma in the throat: symptoms
In the early stages, the problem may not be obvious.
But when the warts grow, symptoms are observed:
- difficult breathing;
- hoarse appearance, cough for no reason, heaviness in the throat;
- problems with the endocrine system;
- any changes related to the respiratory system;
- cough, accompanied by the release of phlegm or even blood;
- lumps in the throat.
In children, papillomas in the throat can be indicated by symptoms:
- asthma attacks due to edema of the respiratory tract;
- appearance of shortness of breath;
- difficulties in the implementation of the respiratory process;
- hoarse;
- violations in child development.
How can you be infected?
Papillomavirus is spread through contact with an infected person.
This can happen in several ways:
- The sexual way. Especially, the risk of getting papilloma is very good for those who lead a free sex life.
- Household way. When using a towel, blanket, as well as in common areas.
- Through a kiss
- In the presence of injuries or micro cracks.
- self -infection;
- When passing through the birth canal (from the infected mother to the child).
Who is at risk?
Most often, HPV in the throat occurs in children with ENT organ-related infections. These include pharyngitis, tonsillitis, tracheitis, purulent otitis media, laryngitis.
The most common throat papillomatosis is among people in the age category from 20 to 45 years.
In the risk factor, a person who has bad habits, is constantly under stress, leads an unhealthy lifestyle.
There are several indirect factors that can trigger the development of throat papilloma:
- taking hormone pills;
- living in areas with high levels of air pollution;
- used smoke;
- violations in the care of the oral cavity;
- hormonal failure in the body;
- the presence of hereditary factors;
- pressure.
Types of HPV in the throat
There are many classifications of papillomas located in the esophagus.
Here are the types of diseases divided according to age:
- Congenital (i. e. an infection occurs in the uterus).
- children.
- Obtained (during sexual intercourse or by domestic means).
- Adults.
- repeated.
The other parts are based on the stage of papilloma growth:
- limited choice, when the spread of the formation occurs in certain areas of the throat;
- common form, when the papilloma is scattered everywhere;
- type of obturator. In this case, the growth interferes with the airway through the respiratory tract.
Depending on the state of the respiratory system and the presence of symptomatic manifestations, the disease can be:
- First degree of compensation. It is characterized by slight difficulty during inhalation and respiration, the appearance of a hoarse voice.
- Second degree of compensation. Shortness of breath appears, the body no longer has enough oxygen, persistent feelings of anxiety appear, cold sweats appear, and the skin begins to turn blue.
- The third stage, when there is complete cessation of breathing. The patient is unconscious due to asphyxia.
Depending on the presence of oncogenic properties, papillomas in the throat can be:
- benign;
- malignant.
Localization of papilloma
Neoplasms can be located either directly in the esophagus, on any part of it, or on the larynx. Which of them is dangerous?
Tumors that arise in the throat affect the tonsils. There are papillomas on the soft palate or side walls. Rarely, formations on the vocal cords can be found. Do not confuse papilloma on the tonsils and traffic congestion.
In the latter case, there is a taste of pus in the mouth. It is impossible to determine independently what it is specifically ⏤. You need to contact a specialist.
If this is a cork, then it is enough to rinse the problem area. If it is a papilloma on the tonsils, then the doctor will prescribe effective therapy. It can be conservative treatment or surgery.
Laryngeal papillomas are dangerous. These growths can interfere with the patient's speech, interfering with the respiratory process. It is important that this problem occurs in children.
Due to the fact that the respiratory lumen is significantly reduced, laryngeal papillomas can cause suffocation, lack of oxygen in the body and death.
Diagnosis of papilloma in the throat
Before starting treatment for papilloma, the doctor will prescribe some diagnostic measures.
Throat papillomatosis can be detected using:
- Laryngoscopy - the study of problem areas using a special tool laryngoscope.
- Histology - the study of papilloma tissue. Usually done after the growth has been removed or after a biopsy has been taken.
- Microlaryngoscopy - allows you to consider all the nuances of educational appearance.
- Electroglottography - allows to determine the type of papilloma (benign or malignant).
- X -ray - determines how common the problem is in the throat.
Conservative treatment
Papillomas in the throat area can be treated with conservative methods. The most common method is chemotherapy. It is carried out with the help of drugs, which are based on chemicals.
They are applied to the affected area, for this purpose they are used:
- Potassium permanganate.
- salicylic acid.
- Silver nitrate salt.
- Sulfuric acid.
- Perhydrol.
- Nitric acid.
The cauterization procedure must be performed by a qualified person. There are some substances that are banned due to their high toxicity for the treatment of children.
Another conservative method is radiotherapy. Its main task is to destroy diseased cells. This modern method has recently been increasingly used to remove papillomas.
Remove the tumor in the throat and with the help of radiotherapy. The main advantages of this method are the absence of damage or scarring, rapid healing, and exclusion of recurrence.
Doctors prescribe to take antiviral drugs, recommend taking immunostimulants.
Removal of papilloma in the esophagus
Experts believe that the only correct and effective treatment option is the removal of the papilloma through surgery.
For this, the appropriate method is selected:
- laser;
- radio wave method;
- crystal destruction;
- laryngoscopy;
- electrocoagulation.
It is not possible to remove the neoplasm on its own. There is a high probability of injury to the papilloma. This will trigger the rapid degeneration of benign tumors into cancerous formation. Only a surgeon will perform the surgery successfully.
Surgery to remove the tumor in children is contraindicated. This leads to complete cessation of breathing. This method is not used in early childhood.
Treatment with folk remedies
There are some folk remedies, with which they can get rid of papillomas in the esophagus. It is based on natural herbs and plants. A simple remedy is to eat 1 tablespoon of fresh honey daily.
The infusion of bay leaves will help overcome this problem. They are poured with boiling water and kept in a thermos overnight. During the day, the resulting medicine is taken. The course of treatment with the drug is 2 weeks.
An effective recipe is a mixture of chopped horseradish with honey. The ingredients are taken in equal proportions. You need to take a spoonful of funds every day. The porridge is placed on the tongue, and after a few seconds it is washed off with water.
Since ancient times, people have treated papillomas localized in the esophagus by drinking a decoction of a mixture of bird cherry, thyme, licorice, blackcurrant, raspberry, coltsfoot, and plantain. The drug is taken one hour after meals for 3 months.
You can’t treat problems with folk recipes. The sooner the patient sees a doctor, the sooner he or she will receive highly qualified help, this will help to avoid consequences.